Before using the rice and wheat thresher for operation, comprehensive and detailed debugging is the key to ensure its efficient and stable operation, which can effectively avoid failures during operation and improve threshing quality and efficiency. The debugging work needs to be carried out in an orderly manner from multiple aspects such as overall mechanical status inspection, key component performance testing, and power system adaptation.
First, the overall mechanical structure of the rice and wheat thresher should be checked. Carefully check whether the connections of various parts of the fuselage are firm and whether the bolts and nuts are loose or missing. During the transportation or storage of the rice and wheat thresher, bumps and vibrations may cause the connection between components to loosen. If not handled in time, the continuous vibration during operation will aggravate the looseness and even cause the components to fall off, endangering the safety of the operator and affecting the normal operation of the rice and wheat thresher. In addition, it is necessary to check whether the fuselage has deformation, cracking, etc., especially the parts that carry key components such as the frame. If there is any damage, it should be repaired or replaced in time to ensure that the rice and wheat thresher has a solid working foundation.
The debugging of key components is an important link before operation. As the core component of rice and wheat thresher, the threshing drum has a direct impact on the threshing effect through its rotation speed and clearance. The drum speed needs to be adjusted by adjusting the tightness of the transmission belt or replacing the appropriate pulley to achieve a suitable working speed. At the same time, the gap between the drum and the concave screen needs to be accurately adjusted. If the gap is too large, the rice and wheat grains may not be fully threshed, resulting in entrainment losses; if the gap is too small, it is easy to cause grain breakage and reduce the threshing quality. In addition, it is necessary to check whether the threshing elements (such as grain rods, nail teeth, etc.) on the drum are complete, wear-free, or deformed. If there are any problems, they should be repaired or replaced in time to ensure that the threshing elements can effectively grab and separate the rice and wheat grains.
The cleaning system debugging of rice and wheat thresher should not be ignored. The cleaning system is responsible for separating the mixture after threshing and separating the grains from impurities such as stems and husks. The operation of the fan needs to be checked to ensure that the fan blades are not deformed or damaged, rotate flexibly, and the air volume meets the requirements. If the air volume is too large, the lighter grains may be blown out of the machine, causing losses; if the air volume is too small, the impurities cannot be effectively separated. At the same time, the angle and opening of the sieve should be adjusted. Different crop states and humidity require different sieve angle and opening settings. Appropriate sieve parameters can enable the grains to pass through the sieve holes smoothly, and the impurities are effectively discharged, improving the cleaning effect.
The adaptation and debugging of the power system is the power basis for the normal operation of the rice and wheat thresher. If the rice and wheat thresher is driven by an electric motor, check whether the power line connection is correct and firm, whether there is damage or leakage, and ensure that the motor can start normally and reach the rated speed. For the rice and wheat thresher driven by a diesel engine, check the fuel system of the diesel engine to ensure that the fuel line is not blocked or leaked, the fuel filter is clean, and check whether the oil level is normal to ensure that the diesel engine is well lubricated. In addition, check whether the connection between the power output shaft and the transmission components of the rice and wheat thresher is accurate and reliable to avoid abnormal operation of the rice and wheat thresher due to poor power transmission.
The commissioning of the conveying device is related to whether the rice and wheat crops can smoothly enter the rice and wheat thresher and complete the threshing process. Check whether the conveyor belt is installed correctly and whether there is any deviation. If the conveyor belt deviates, it will cause uneven crop transportation and even blockage. The conveyor belt can be kept on the correct running track by adjusting the tension wheels on both sides of the conveyor belt. At the same time, check the operation of the conveyor chain rake, auger and other components to ensure that they can normally grab and transport crops without problems such as jamming and abnormal noise. If there is a fault in the conveying device, it will affect the operating efficiency of the rice and wheat thresher, and even cause the rice and wheat thresher to be blocked and damage the equipment.
The commissioning of the safety protection device is an essential link before operation. The operation of the rice and wheat thresher is dangerous, and all safety protection devices must be ensured to be intact and working properly. Check whether the protective cover is firmly installed and whether it can effectively cover the rotating parts of the rice and wheat thresher to prevent the operator from accidentally contacting and causing injury. At the same time, check whether the emergency stop switch is sensitive and reliable. In case of emergency, it can quickly cut off the power and stop the rice and wheat thresher to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. In addition, it is necessary to check whether the warning signs are clear and eye-catching to remind the operator to pay attention to safety.
Finally, after completing the above debugging, carry out no-load trial operation. Start the rice and wheat thresher and let it run for a period of time under no-load condition. Observe the operation of each component of the rice and wheat thresher, listen for abnormal sounds, check whether the operation of each transmission component is stable, and whether there is excessive vibration. If any problems are found, stop the machine in time for inspection and adjustment. After the no-load trial operation is normal, a small amount of rice and wheat crops can be tested for threshing, and the threshing effect and cleaning quality can be observed. According to the test threshing situation, the relevant parameters of the rice and wheat thresher are fine-tuned until the ideal operation effect is achieved, ensuring that the rice and wheat thresher can operate efficiently and stably during formal operation.
